Tubular sodium handling and tubuloglomerular feedback in compensatory renal hypertrophy.

Tubular sodium handling and tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF) activity were assessed in established compensatory renal hypertrophy in Sprague Dawley rats. Hyperfiltration at the level of the single nephron was confirmed 4-6 weeks following a reduction in renal mass. TGF activity, determined as the difference between late proximal and early distal measurements of single-nephron glomerular filtration rate (SNGFR), was significantly increased in compensatory renal hypertrophy, being 7.8 +/- 1.0 vs 23.3 +/- 1.9 vs 25.5 +/- 2.6 nl/min (P for analysis of variance less than 0.05) following sham operation, unilateral nephrectomy, and 1 1/3 nephrectomy, respectively. Enhanced net tubular Na transport was also observed, with total Na reabsorption up to the late proximal site being 1.8 +/- 0.2 vs 2.7 +/- 0.1 vs 3.1 +/- 0.3 nmol/min (P less than 0.05), and to the early distal site being 3.4 +/- 0.5 vs 5.8 +/- 0.6 vs 7.9 +/- 0.8 nmol/min (P less than 0.05) in the three animal groups respectively. Comparison of proximal tubular length demonstrated a 71.9 +/- 8.1% increase in uninephrectomised vs sham-operated animals. This increase was proportionately greater than the increase in proximal Na reabsorption (50.0 +/- 4.0%) observed in the corresponding animal groups. Concurrent electron microprobe experiments in uninephrectomised and sham-operated animals demonstrated that the proximal tubular intracellular Na concentration was significantly lower following uninephrectomy (16.8 +/- 0.6 vs 18.9 +/- 0.5 mmol/kg wet weight, P less than 0.01), in association with evidence of reduced basolateral Na/K-ATPase activity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)