BACKGROUND: Neonatal screening for metabolic diseases, involving samples stored on filter paper (Guthrie spots), provides a potential resource for genetic epidemiological studies. OBJECTIVE: To develop a method to make these dried blood spots available for large scale genetic epidemiology. METHODS: DNA from untraceable Guthrie spots was extracted using a saponin and chelex-100 based method and preamplified by improved primer preamplification. Analyses were done on 38 samples each of fresh, 10, and 25 year old Guthrie spots and the success rate determined for PCR amplification for five amplicon lengths. RESULTS: The method was applicable even on 25 year old samples. The success rate was 100% for 100 bp amplicons and 80% for 396 bp amplicons. Ninety four Guthrie samples were genotyped, including carriers of two different PKU mutations; all carriers were found (six R158Q, four R252W), with no false positives. Finally, 2132 anonymous samples from the Swedish PKU registry were extracted and preamplified and the allele frequencies of APOepsilon4, PPARgamma Pro12Ala, and the CCR5 32 bp deletion determined. Local variations in allele frequencies suggested subpopulation structuring. There was a significant difference (p<0.01) in regional allele frequencies for the CCR5 32 bp deletion in the Swedish population. CONCLUSION: Whole genome amplification makes it feasible to conduct large genetic epidemiological studies using PKU screening registries.
BACKGROUND: Neonatal screening for metabolic diseases, involving samples stored on filter paper (Guthrie spots), provides a potential resource for genetic epidemiological studies. OBJECTIVE: To develop a method to make these dried blood spots available for large scale genetic epidemiology. METHODS: DNA from untraceable Guthrie spots was extracted using a saponin and chelex-100 based method and preamplified by improved primer preamplification. Analyses were done on 38 samples each of fresh, 10, and 25 year old Guthrie spots and the success rate determined for PCR amplification for five amplicon lengths. RESULTS: The method was applicable even on 25 year old samples. The success rate was 100% for 100 bp amplicons and 80% for 396 bp amplicons. Ninety four Guthrie samples were genotyped, including carriers of two different PKU mutations; all carriers were found (six R158Q, four R252W), with no false positives. Finally, 2132 anonymous samples from the Swedish PKU registry were extracted and preamplified and the allele frequencies of APOepsilon4, PPARgammaPro12Ala, and the CCR5 32 bp deletion determined. Local variations in allele frequencies suggested subpopulation structuring. There was a significant difference (p<0.01) in regional allele frequencies for the CCR5 32 bp deletion in the Swedish population. CONCLUSION: Whole genome amplification makes it feasible to conduct large genetic epidemiological studies using PKU screening registries.
Authors: Heidi Anthoni; Lara E Sucheston; Barbara A Lewis; Isabel Tapia-Páez; Xiaotang Fan; Marco Zucchelli; Mikko Taipale; Catherine M Stein; Marie-Estelle Hokkanen; Eero Castrén; Bruce F Pennington; Shelley D Smith; Richard K Olson; J Bruce Tomblin; Gerd Schulte-Körne; Markus Nöthen; Johannes Schumacher; Bertram Müller-Myhsok; Per Hoffmann; Jeffrey W Gilger; George W Hynd; Jaana Nopola-Hemmi; Paavo H T Leppanen; Heikki Lyytinen; Jacqueline Schoumans; Magnus Nordenskjöld; Jason Spencer; Davor Stanic; Wah Chin Boon; Evan Simpson; Sari Mäkelä; Jan-Åke Gustafsson; Myriam Peyrard-Janvid; Sudha Iyengar; Juha Kere Journal: Behav Genet Date: 2012-03-17 Impact factor: 2.805
Authors: Mads V Hollegaard; Jonas Grauholm; Anders Børglum; Mette Nyegaard; Bent Nørgaard-Pedersen; Torben Ørntoft; Preben B Mortensen; Carsten Wiuf; Ole Mors; Michael Didriksen; Poul Thorsen; David M Hougaard Journal: BMC Genomics Date: 2009-07-04 Impact factor: 3.969
Authors: Qiang Pan-Hammarström; Ulrich Salzer; Likun Du; Janne Björkander; Charlotte Cunningham-Rundles; David L Nelson; Chiara Bacchelli; H Bobby Gaspar; Steven Offer; Timothy W Behrens; Bodo Grimbacher; Lennart Hammarström Journal: Nat Genet Date: 2007-04 Impact factor: 38.330
Authors: Krystal R St Julien; Laura L Jelliffe-Pawlowski; Gary M Shaw; David K Stevenson; Hugh M O'Brodovich; Mark A Krasnow Journal: PLoS One Date: 2013-05-30 Impact factor: 3.240