Couples' experiences of postnatal depression: a framing analysis of cultural identity, gender and communication.

Difficulties in communication have been associated with fathers' perceived lack of support for mothers suffering postnatal depression (PND). This paper investigates why the communication of the experience of PND is so difficult and considers how these difficulties might be linked, in part, to the diagnostic process. The study explores, through in-depth interviews, how six Australian couples talked about the new mothers' experience of mild to moderate PND. Framing analysis revealed discrepancies in the couples' explanations of the mothers' PND. The application of the concept of 'framing' has come to the study of mental health by way of Goffman's work on how experience becomes organised. Goffman used the technique of 'frame analysis' to identify and describe the taken-for-granted sociocultural elements that give meaning to a situation. This study identified that mothers and fathers used different frames, with mothers understanding their postnatal experience primarily from within an 'identity' frame and fathers understanding the mothers' experience primarily through a 'psychological' or 'physical hardship' frame. Implications for health service providers are considered.