OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between anxiety, depression, vasomotor symptoms, and menopausal status among middle-aged women. DESIGN: A population-based study involving a rural Taiwanese population. Participants received a structured questionnaire, which included the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), gynecological history and a checklist of menopausal symptoms in the most recent 2 weeks. RESULTS: A total of 1273 women with no history of surgical menopause and hormonal therapy history participated. The mean anxiety, depression, and total HADS scores were 4.3 +/- 3.3, 3.3 +/- 2.8 and 7.6 +/- 5.3, respectively, and did not differ according to menopausal status. A total of 10.5% participants reported hot flashes within the previous 2 weeks. After controlling for educational status and insomnia, anxiety (6.0 +/- 3.8 versus 4.1 +/- 3.1) and depression scores (4.0 +/- 3.3 versus 3.2 +/- 2.7) were significantly higher (p < 0.001) compared with those without hot flashes. These differences were attributed to peri- and postmenopausal subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Hot flashes in peri- and postmenopausal women were associated with anxious and depressive symptoms in East Asian population with low prevalence of vasomotor symptoms.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between anxiety, depression, vasomotor symptoms, and menopausal status among middle-aged women. DESIGN: A population-based study involving a rural Taiwanese population. Participants received a structured questionnaire, which included the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), gynecological history and a checklist of menopausal symptoms in the most recent 2 weeks. RESULTS: A total of 1273 women with no history of surgical menopause and hormonal therapy history participated. The mean anxiety, depression, and total HADS scores were 4.3 +/- 3.3, 3.3 +/- 2.8 and 7.6 +/- 5.3, respectively, and did not differ according to menopausal status. A total of 10.5% participants reported hot flashes within the previous 2 weeks. After controlling for educational status and insomnia, anxiety (6.0 +/- 3.8 versus 4.1 +/- 3.1) and depression scores (4.0 +/- 3.3 versus 3.2 +/- 2.7) were significantly higher (p < 0.001) compared with those without hot flashes. These differences were attributed to peri- and postmenopausal subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Hot flashes in peri- and postmenopausal women were associated with anxious and depressive symptoms in East Asian population with low prevalence of vasomotor symptoms.
Authors: Howard M Kravitz; Elizabeth Avery; Maryfran Sowers; Joyce T Bromberger; Jane F Owens; Karen A Matthews; Martica Hall; Huiyong Zheng; Ellen B Gold; Daniel J Buysse Journal: Sleep Date: 2011-09-01 Impact factor: 5.849
Authors: Joyce T Bromberger; Howard M Kravitz; Yuefang Chang; John F Randolph; Nancy E Avis; Ellen B Gold; Karen A Matthews Journal: Menopause Date: 2013-05 Impact factor: 2.953