Role of the renal nerves in blood pressure in male and female SHR.

Female spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) have lower blood pressures than males. The renin-angiotensin system plays an important role in the sexual dimorphism of blood pressure in SHR. The sympathetic nervous system can stimulate renin release, and, therefore, the present study was performed to determine whether the renal sympathetic nerves play a role in the sexual dimorphism of blood pressure in SHR. Male and female SHR underwent bilateral kidney denervation or sham surgery, and, 2 wk later, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and pulse interval were recorded, and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) was measured by the sequence technique. Left ventricle index (LVI) was also calculated. MAP was higher in sham-operated males than females (182 +/- 5 vs. 169 +/- 4 mmHg; P < 0.01), but, despite the higher MAP in males, LVI was significantly greater in female rats. BRS was not different between sham-operated male and female SHR. Following bilateral renal denervation, MAP was decreased by a similar percentage (8-10%) in males (169 +/- 2 mmHg) and females (152 +/- 3 mmHg), whereas LVI was reduced only in female SHR. BRS was not altered by renal denervation in either sex. These data indicate that renal nerves play a role in the control of blood pressure in SHR independent of sex, but do not play a role in mediating the sex differences in blood pressure.