Effects of monensin and stage of lactation on variation of blood metabolites within twenty-four hours in dairy cows.

Effects of prepartum administration of a monensin controlled release capsule (CRC) and stage of lactation on variation of blood metabolites within 24 h were determined in 16 dairy cows. Cows were fed a total mixed ration ad libitum twice daily at 0700 and 1300 h. At calving, cows were switched from a close-up dry cow diet to a lactating cow diet. Cows were blood sampled every 3 h for 24 h at 3 stages of lactation, including 1 wk before calving (wk -1), 1 wk after calving (wk 1), and 6 wk after calving (wk 6). Serum concentrations of glucose, beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), and urea exhibited significant variation within 24 h. Glucose and NEFA were, respectively, 0.09 and 0.08 mM lower between 1030 and 2230 h than between 2230 and 1030 h. beta-Hydroxybutyrate and urea were, respectively, 95.1 and 0.49 mM higher between 1030 and 2230 h than between 2230 and 1030 h. Monensin did not significantly affect glucose, NEFA, and urea in this study. Monensin reduced BHBA at wk 1, but not at wk -1 or wk 6. Glucose was lower and BHBA and NEFA were higher at wk 1 compared with wk -1 and wk 6. Urea was higher at wk 6 compared with wk -1. The variation within 24 h of glucose, BHBA, and NEFA were not affected by monensin and stage of lactation. Diurnal variation of urea was affected by stage of lactation, but not by monensin.