BACKGROUND: HIV infection often impairs the immune response to childhood vaccines. OBJECTIVE: We sought to study the ability of HIV-infected children receiving highlyactive antiretroviral therapy (HAART) to generate a booster response to immunization with a recall antigen to which they had lost humoral immunity. METHODS:Diphtheria, tetanus toxoids, and acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccination was given at either 16 or 36 weeks after initiation of HAART to 37 HIV-infected children 2 to 9 years of age with a history of DTaP or diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis receipt who had negative tetanus antibody titers (<or=1:243) at baseline. RESULTS: There was a clear increase in tetanus titers after vaccination, with an increase of 27-fold over the baseline values at weeks 4 and 8. The effect on tetanus titers faded to a 9-fold and 3-fold increase over baseline values at weeks 18 and 32, respectively. DTaP vaccination did not affect HIV-1 RNA viral load or CD4 percentage or cell count. There was no increase in either acute or long-term adverse events associated with the DTaP vaccination. CONCLUSION: Although children with stable HIV infection receivingHAART can mount antigen-specific responses to tetanus immunization, the durability of these responses might be limited. Long-term monitoring of specific immune function in such children is indicated.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND:HIV infection often impairs the immune response to childhood vaccines. OBJECTIVE: We sought to study the ability of HIV-infectedchildren receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) to generate a booster response to immunization with a recall antigen to which they had lost humoral immunity. METHODS: Diphtheria, tetanus toxoids, and acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccination was given at either 16 or 36 weeks after initiation of HAART to 37 HIV-infectedchildren 2 to 9 years of age with a history of DTaP or diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis receipt who had negative tetanus antibody titers (<or=1:243) at baseline. RESULTS: There was a clear increase in tetanus titers after vaccination, with an increase of 27-fold over the baseline values at weeks 4 and 8. The effect on tetanus titers faded to a 9-fold and 3-fold increase over baseline values at weeks 18 and 32, respectively. DTaP vaccination did not affect HIV-1 RNA viral load or CD4 percentage or cell count. There was no increase in either acute or long-term adverse events associated with the DTaP vaccination. CONCLUSION: Although children with stable HIV infection receiving HAART can mount antigen-specific responses to tetanus immunization, the durability of these responses might be limited. Long-term monitoring of specific immune function in such children is indicated.
Authors: Omphile E Simani; Alane Izu; Marta C Nunes; Avy Violari; Mark F Cotton; Nadia Van Niekerk; Peter V Adrian; Shabir A Madhi Journal: Expert Rev Vaccines Date: 2018-11-19 Impact factor: 5.217
Authors: Natascha Ching; Jaime G Deville; Karin A Nielsen; Bonnie Ank; Lian S Wei; Myung Shin Sim; Steven M Wolinsky; Yvonne J Bryson Journal: Eur J Pediatr Date: 2006-07-26 Impact factor: 3.183