The tumor spectrum in the Lynch syndrome.

Colorectal and endometrial cancer are the characteristic tumors of the Lynch syndrome. We reviewed the available evidence on the occurrence of other types of cancer in the syndrome, aiming to identify those types that can be included in the tumor spectrum, based on this evidence. We chose to define the tumor spectrum as comprising the cancers for which Lynch syndrome patients are at elevated risk. We found sufficiently strong and consistent evidence to include gastric cancer, small bowel cancer, hepatobiliary tract cancer, upper urologic tract cancer, ovarian cancer, and brain tumors in this spectrum, in addition to colorectal and endometrial cancer. We predict that the spectrum will expand as additional studies are reported, especially as prospective studies of mutation carriers are completed.