[Bilateral hypoglossal nerve palsy following intubation].

Hypoglossal nerve palsy following intubation is a rare complication that can be reversible depending on the extent of nerve damage. A 63-year-old male with a sigma carcinoma was repeatedly intubated orotracheally due to postoperative complications. After the fourth intubation, bilateral, complete hypoglossal nerve palsy with severe dysarthria and swallowing disability was observed. A percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube was inserted for nutrition and to prevent aspiration. Cerebral MRI showed no pathological findings, particularly in the brainstem. Electromyographic studies revealed pathological spontaneous activity of both glossal muscles without any motor unit potential consistent with an axonal lesion of both hypoglossal nerves. Nevertheless, complete clinical and electromyographical recovery occurred within 7 months. The bilateral hypoglossal nerve palsy in our patient was probably due to mechanical alteration during intubation, leading to axonotmesis. Hypoglossal nerve palsy following intubation might have a favourable prognosis as long as continuity of the nerve sheath is maintained.