SETTING: Five medical schools in three cities with different tuberculosis (TB) incidence rates in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. OBJECTIVE: To estimate prevalence of and associated factors for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among medical students. DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among undergraduate students in pre-clinical, early and late clinical years from schools in cities with low (28/100,000), intermediate (63/100,000) and high (114/100,000) TB incidence rates. Information on socio-demographic profile, previous BCG vaccination, potential TB exposure, co-morbidity and use of respiratory protective masks was obtained. A tuberculin skin test (TST) was performed using the Mantoux technique by an experienced professional. A positive TST, defined as induration > or = 10 mm, was considered LTBI. RESULTS: LTBI prevalence was 6.9% (95%CI 5.4-8.6). In multivariate analysis, male sex (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.8; 95% CI 1.1-3.0), late clinical years (aOR 1.9; 95% CI 1.01-3.5), intermediate TB incidence (aOR 4.3; 95% CI 1.3-14.6) and high TB incidence in the city of medical school (aOR 5.1; 95% CI 1.6-16.8) were significantly associated with LTBI. CONCLUSIONS: The higher prevalence of LTBI in late clinical years suggests that medical students are at increased risk for nosocomial Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. The implementation of a TB control program may be necessary in medical schools, particularly in cities with higher TB incidence.
SETTING: Five medical schools in three cities with different tuberculosis (TB) incidence rates in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. OBJECTIVE: To estimate prevalence of and associated factors for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among medical students. DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among undergraduate students in pre-clinical, early and late clinical years from schools in cities with low (28/100,000), intermediate (63/100,000) and high (114/100,000) TB incidence rates. Information on socio-demographic profile, previous BCG vaccination, potential TB exposure, co-morbidity and use of respiratory protective masks was obtained. A tuberculin skin test (TST) was performed using the Mantoux technique by an experienced professional. A positive TST, defined as induration > or = 10 mm, was considered LTBI. RESULTS: LTBI prevalence was 6.9% (95%CI 5.4-8.6). In multivariate analysis, male sex (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.8; 95% CI 1.1-3.0), late clinical years (aOR 1.9; 95% CI 1.01-3.5), intermediate TB incidence (aOR 4.3; 95% CI 1.3-14.6) and high TB incidence in the city of medical school (aOR 5.1; 95% CI 1.6-16.8) were significantly associated with LTBI. CONCLUSIONS: The higher prevalence of LTBI in late clinical years suggests that medical students are at increased risk for nosocomial Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. The implementation of a TB control program may be necessary in medical schools, particularly in cities with higher TB incidence.
Authors: Ruvandhi R Nathavitharana; Patricia Bond; Angela Dramowski; Koot Kotze; Philip Lederer; Ingrid Oxley; Jurgens A Peters; Chanel Rossouw; Helene-Mari van der Westhuizen; Bart Willems; Tiong Xun Ting; Arne von Delft; Dalene von Delft; Raquel Duarte; Edward Nardell; Alimuddin Zumla Journal: Presse Med Date: 2017-02-28 Impact factor: 1.228
Authors: José E Pérez-Lu; Cesar P Cárcamo; Patricia J García; Alejandro Bussalleu; Antonio Bernabé-Ortiz Journal: Tuberculosis (Edinb) Date: 2012-10-30 Impact factor: 3.131
Authors: Admasu Tenna; Edward A Stenehjem; Lindsay Margoles; Ermias Kacha; Henry M Blumberg; Russell R Kempker Journal: Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol Date: 2013-10-28 Impact factor: 3.254
Authors: Henry Mugerwa; Denis K Byarugaba; Simon Mpooya; Penelope Miremba; Joan N Kalyango; Charles Karamagi; Achilles Katamba Journal: Arch Public Health Date: 2013-04-20