Simplified muscle-sparing thoracotomy for patent ductus arteriosus ligation in neonates.

To reduce operative morbidity we have developed a simplified muscle-sparing thoracotomy that provides excellent exposure for patent ductus arteriosus ligation in neonates. Operative time has not increased and seroma formation has not occurred. Improved functional and cosmetic results as well as less postoperative pain may be obtained by preserving the latissimus dorsi and serratus anterior muscles.