OBJECTIVES: The present study examined whether or not children and adolescents with clinical symptoms can be differentiated according to the quantitative and qualitative aspects of attention. METHODS: Eighty-eight probands (ages 10-18 years) assigned to seven ICD-10 diagnostic groups were studied for differences in their attention profiles. An attention task (Frankfurter Aufmerksamkeits Inventar--FAIR), (Moosbrugger & Oehlschlägel, 1996) validated multifold among children and adolescents in the domain of psychiatry was applied. This task covers three attention functions. Two of them are quantitative: selective attention and continuity of attention, while the third is qualitative: self-control. RESULTS: Overall, two distinctly different group-specific attention profiles evolved. These differed mainly in terms of self-control. Whereas all of the diagnostic groups studied showed relatively normal selective attention and normal continuity of attention, two groups exhibited substantial differences with regard to self-control. Particularly children and adolescents with schizophrenia showed very poor self-control, as did those with hyperkinetic disorder, conduct disorder, depressive disorder, or compulsive disorder. In contrast, children and adolescents with eating disorders or other anxiety disorders had a high level of self-control. CONCLUSIONS: Thus, the self-control function was found to be a strong attention parameter for the differential diagnosis of a clinically conspicuous population of children and adolescents.
OBJECTIVES: The present study examined whether or not children and adolescents with clinical symptoms can be differentiated according to the quantitative and qualitative aspects of attention. METHODS: Eighty-eight probands (ages 10-18 years) assigned to seven ICD-10 diagnostic groups were studied for differences in their attention profiles. An attention task (Frankfurter Aufmerksamkeits Inventar--FAIR), (Moosbrugger & Oehlschlägel, 1996) validated multifold among children and adolescents in the domain of psychiatry was applied. This task covers three attention functions. Two of them are quantitative: selective attention and continuity of attention, while the third is qualitative: self-control. RESULTS: Overall, two distinctly different group-specific attention profiles evolved. These differed mainly in terms of self-control. Whereas all of the diagnostic groups studied showed relatively normal selective attention and normal continuity of attention, two groups exhibited substantial differences with regard to self-control. Particularly children and adolescents with schizophrenia showed very poor self-control, as did those with hyperkinetic disorder, conduct disorder, depressive disorder, or compulsive disorder. In contrast, children and adolescents with eating disorders or other anxiety disorders had a high level of self-control. CONCLUSIONS: Thus, the self-control function was found to be a strong attention parameter for the differential diagnosis of a clinically conspicuous population of children and adolescents.