[Penile cancer--aftercare with results. How much is necessary?].

Penile cancer is a rare tumor entity but penile carcinoma is characterized by a high recurrence rate regarding local, lymphatic, and hematogenous recurrence. The critical period for tumor recurrence is in the first 5 years. Therapeutic options for tumor recurrence can be differentiated by the type of recurrence and the preceding therapy. The prognosis of local or small lymphatic recurrence-if detected early and diligently diagnosed-can be improved significantly by radical surgery. On the other hand, systemic therapy of advanced lymphatic recurrences and hematogenous metastases will influence disease progression only marginally. Based on these considerations, the follow-up of penile cancer should be risk adapted but close as suggested by our algorithm. With a reduced, but close follow-up we can offer our patients aftercare with the consequence of improved prognosis.