Signaling pathways of magnolol-induced adrenal steroidogensis.

This study focused on identifying the signalling mediating the effect of magnolol on corticosterone production. Magnolol-induced corticosterone production was completely inhibited by mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)-inhibitor PD98059, tyrosine kinase (TK)-inhibitor genistein or Janus tyrosine kinase 2 (JAK2)-inhibitor AG490, suggesting that extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and JAK2 are both involved in this signaling cascade. Further, magnolol induced the transient phosphorylation of MEK, ERK, cAMP response-element binding protein (CREB) and the expression of 32 and 30 kDa steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) in a time-dependent manner. Inhibition of TK or JAK2 activities blocked magnolol-induced phosphorylation of MEK and ERK, again supporting the upstream role of JAK2. The activation of JAK2 or MEK apparently mediated the magnolol-induced phosphorylation of CREB and the upregulation of StAR. These findings demonstrate a novel pathway for magnolol to induce the expression of StAR, which regulates the rate-limiting step in sterodiogenesis.