Pleural empyema associated with Gemella morbillorum: report of a case and review of the literature.

Gemella morbillorum, a microaerophilic Gram-positive coccus, is a natural inhabitant of the human oropharyngeal, gastrointestinal and urogenital flora. However, it is an infrequently isolated organism and a rare cause of pulmonary or pleural infections. We report on a 26-y-old male subject with a past medical history of epilepsy and intravenous drug abuse, who presented with imminent sepsis and respiratory failure. Computed tomography of the thorax revealed a pleuropulmonary consolidation of the left lower lobe, and ultrasound guided thoracentesis resulted in aspiration of pus. Microbiological analysis revealed Gemella morbillorum in the pleural fluid. Thoracic drainage and antibiotic therapy resulted in full recovery. We discuss previous cases of pleuropulmonary infections due to Gemella morbillorum and review the available literature of this rare occurrence.