Structure and function of the PsbP protein of photosystem II from higher plants.

PsbP is a membrane extrinsic subunit of Photosystem II (PS II), which is involved in retaining Ca2+ and Cl-, two inorganic cofactors for the water-splitting reaction. In this study, we re-investigated the role of N-terminal region of PsbP on the basis of its three-dimensional structure. In previous paper [Ifuku and Sato (2002) Plant Cell Physiol 43: 1244-1249], a truncated PsbP lacking 19 N-terminal residues (Delta19) was found to bind to NaCl-washed PS II lacking PsbP and PsbQ without activation of oxygen evolution at all. Three-dimensional (3D) structure of PsbP suggests that deletion of 19 N-terminal residues would destabilize its protein structure, as indicated by the high sensitivity of Delta19 to trypsin digestion. Thus, a truncated PsbP lacking 15 N-terminal residues (Delta15), which retained core PsbP structure, was produced. Whereas Delta15 was resistant to trypsin digestion and bound to NaCl-washed PS II membranes, it did not show the activation of oxygen evolution. This result indicated that the interaction of 15-residue N-terminal flexible region of PsbP with PS II was important for Ca2+ and Cl- retention in PS II, although the 15 N-terminal residues were not essential for the binding of PsbP to PS II. The possible N-terminal residues of PsbP that would be involved in this interaction are discussed.