OBJECTIVE AND BACKGROUND: It is generally thought that the use of preoperative antibiotics reduces the risk of postoperative infection, yet few studies have described the association between preoperative antibiotics and the risk of dying. The objective of this study was to determine whether preoperative antibiotics are associated with a reduced risk of death. METHODS: We performed a multivariate matched, population-based, case-control study of death following surgery on 1362 Pennsylvania Medicare patients between 65 and 85 years of age undergoing general and orthopedic surgery. Cases (681 deaths within 60 days from hospital admission) were randomly selected throughout Pennsylvania using claims from 1995 and 1996. Models were developed to scan Medicare claims, looking for controls who did not die and who were the closest matches to the previously selected cases based on preoperative characteristics. Cases and their controls were identified, and charts were abstracted to define antibiotic use and obtain baseline severity adjustment data. RESULTS: For general surgery, the odds of dying within 60 days were less than half in those treated with preoperative antibiotics within 2 hours of incision as compared with those without such treatment: (odds ratio = 0.44; 95% confidence interval, 0.32-0.60), P < 0.0001). For orthopedic surgery, no significant mortality reduction was observed (OR = 0.85; 95% confidence interval, 0.54-1.32; P < 0.464). INTERPRETATION: Preoperative antibiotics are associated with a substantially lower 60-day mortality rate in elderly patients undergoing general surgery. In patients who appear to be comparable, the risk of death was half as large among those who received preoperative antibiotics.
OBJECTIVE AND BACKGROUND: It is generally thought that the use of preoperative antibiotics reduces the risk of postoperative infection, yet few studies have described the association between preoperative antibiotics and the risk of dying. The objective of this study was to determine whether preoperative antibiotics are associated with a reduced risk of death. METHODS: We performed a multivariate matched, population-based, case-control study of death following surgery on 1362 Pennsylvania Medicare patients between 65 and 85 years of age undergoing general and orthopedic surgery. Cases (681 deaths within 60 days from hospital admission) were randomly selected throughout Pennsylvania using claims from 1995 and 1996. Models were developed to scan Medicare claims, looking for controls who did not die and who were the closest matches to the previously selected cases based on preoperative characteristics. Cases and their controls were identified, and charts were abstracted to define antibiotic use and obtain baseline severity adjustment data. RESULTS: For general surgery, the odds of dying within 60 days were less than half in those treated with preoperative antibiotics within 2 hours of incision as compared with those without such treatment: (odds ratio = 0.44; 95% confidence interval, 0.32-0.60), P < 0.0001). For orthopedic surgery, no significant mortality reduction was observed (OR = 0.85; 95% confidence interval, 0.54-1.32; P < 0.464). INTERPRETATION: Preoperative antibiotics are associated with a substantially lower 60-day mortality rate in elderly patients undergoing general surgery. In patients who appear to be comparable, the risk of death was half as large among those who received preoperative antibiotics.
Authors: Jennifer Hornung Garvin; Andrew Redd; Dan Bolton; Pauline Graham; Dominic Roche; Peter Groeneveld; Molly Leecaster; Shuying Shen; Mark G Weiner Journal: Perspect Health Inf Manag Date: 2013-10-01
Authors: José R Zubizarreta; Caroline E Reinke; Rachel R Kelz; Jeffrey H Silber; Paul R Rosenbaum Journal: Am Stat Date: 2011-10-01 Impact factor: 8.710
Authors: Jeffrey H Silber; Paul R Rosenbaum; Richard N Ross; Justin M Ludwig; Wei Wang; Bijan A Niknam; Nabanita Mukherjee; Philip A Saynisch; Orit Even-Shoshan; Rachel R Kelz; Lee A Fleisher Journal: Health Serv Res Date: 2014-03-03 Impact factor: 3.402
Authors: Jeffrey H Silber; Paul R Rosenbaum; Richard N Ross; Justin M Ludwig; Wei Wang; Bijan A Niknam; Philip A Saynisch; Orit Even-Shoshan; Rachel R Kelz; Lee A Fleisher Journal: Health Serv Res Date: 2014-09-08 Impact factor: 3.402
Authors: Jeffrey H Silber; Paul R Rosenbaum; Rachel R Kelz; Caroline E Reinke; Mark D Neuman; Richard N Ross; Orit Even-Shoshan; Guy David; Philip A Saynisch; Fabienne A Kyle; Dale W Bratzler; Lee A Fleisher Journal: Ann Surg Date: 2012-07 Impact factor: 12.969