STUDY DESIGN: A radiographic analysis of the cervical spine of 70 patients diagnosed with fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) and 33 diagnosed with Klippel-Feil (KF) syndrome was conducted. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to describe cervical spine abnormalities in patients with FOP, to compare and contrast those findings with the malformations in patients with KF syndrome, and to examine the possible etiology of these abnormalities. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Congenital features of diseases often provide seminal clues to underlying etiology and developmental pathways. While progressive metamorphosis of connective tissue to heterotopic bone is the most dramatic and disabling feature of FOP, less severe congenital anomalies of the skeleton are also present. Vertebral fusions observed in KF are consistent with defects in embryonic segmentation. METHODS: The cervical spine plain films of 70 FOP patients and 33 KF patients with documented congenital abnormalities were reviewed. RESULTS: Generalized neck stiffness and decreased range of motion were noted in most children with FOP. In the FOP patient group, characteristic anomalies, including large posterior elements, tall narrow vertebral bodies,and fusion of the facet joints between C2 and C7, were observed. Most notably, these characteristic anomalies of the cervical spine in patients with FOP were distinctly different from those of 33 patients with KF that were examined but were strikingly similar to those seen in mice with homozygous deletions of the gene-encoding noggin, a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) antagonist. CONCLUSIONS: FOP patients exhibit a characteristic set of congenital spine malformations. While the noggin gene (NOG) is not mutated in patients who have FOP, these findings extend a growing body of evidence implicating overactivity of the BMP signaling pathway in the molecular pathogenesis of FOP.
STUDY DESIGN: A radiographic analysis of the cervical spine of 70 patients diagnosed with fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) and 33 diagnosed with Klippel-Feil (KF) syndrome was conducted. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to describe cervical spine abnormalities in patients with FOP, to compare and contrast those findings with the malformations in patients with KF syndrome, and to examine the possible etiology of these abnormalities. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Congenital features of diseases often provide seminal clues to underlying etiology and developmental pathways. While progressive metamorphosis of connective tissue to heterotopic bone is the most dramatic and disabling feature of FOP, less severe congenital anomalies of the skeleton are also present. Vertebral fusions observed in KF are consistent with defects in embryonic segmentation. METHODS: The cervical spine plain films of 70 FOP patients and 33 KF patients with documented congenital abnormalities were reviewed. RESULTS: Generalized neck stiffness and decreased range of motion were noted in most children with FOP. In the FOP patient group, characteristic anomalies, including large posterior elements, tall narrow vertebral bodies,and fusion of the facet joints between C2 and C7, were observed. Most notably, these characteristic anomalies of the cervical spine in patients with FOP were distinctly different from those of 33 patients with KF that were examined but were strikingly similar to those seen in mice with homozygous deletions of the gene-encoding noggin, a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) antagonist. CONCLUSIONS: FOP patients exhibit a characteristic set of congenital spine malformations. While the noggin gene (NOG) is not mutated in patients who have FOP, these findings extend a growing body of evidence implicating overactivity of the BMP signaling pathway in the molecular pathogenesis of FOP.
Authors: Ryan E Moore; John P Dormans; Denis S Drummond; Eileen M Shore; Frederick S Kaplan; Joshua D Auerbach Journal: J Bone Joint Surg Am Date: 2009-06 Impact factor: 5.284
Authors: Mutlu Kartal-Kaess; Eileen M Shore; Meiqi Xu; Ludwig Schwering; Markus Uhl; Rudolf Korinthenberg; Charlotte Niemeyer; Frederick S Kaplan; Melchior Lauten Journal: Eur J Pediatr Date: 2010-06-26 Impact factor: 3.183
Authors: Javaid A Muglu; Aditya Garg; T Pandiarajan; Eileen M Shore; Frederick S Kaplan; Dhiraj Uchil; Malcolm J Dickson Journal: Obstet Med Date: 2011-12-08
Authors: Frederick S Kaplan; Meiqi Xu; David L Glaser; Felicity Collins; Michael Connor; Joseph Kitterman; David Sillence; Elaine Zackai; Vardit Ravitsky; Michael Zasloff; Arupa Ganguly; Eileen M Shore Journal: Pediatrics Date: 2008-05 Impact factor: 7.124
Authors: Frederick S Kaplan; Meiqi Xu; Petra Seemann; J Michael Connor; David L Glaser; Liam Carroll; Patricia Delai; Elisabeth Fastnacht-Urban; Stephen J Forman; Gabriele Gillessen-Kaesbach; Julie Hoover-Fong; Bernhard Köster; Richard M Pauli; William Reardon; Syed-Adeel Zaidi; Michael Zasloff; Rolf Morhart; Stefan Mundlos; Jay Groppe; Eileen M Shore Journal: Hum Mutat Date: 2009-03 Impact factor: 4.878