Robert M Carey1. 1. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. mc4c@virginia.edu
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The renin-angiotensin system is a coordinated hormonal cascade of critical importance to the regulation of blood pressure and cardiovascular function. The major effector peptide, angiotensin II, binds to two major receptors, angiotensin type-1 and angiotensin type-2. Most of the actions of angiotensin II are mediated by the angiotensin type-1 receptor, but recent evidence strongly suggests that the angiotensin type-2 receptor opposes the angiotensin type-1 receptor, particularly by promoting vasodilatation instead of vasoconstriction. RECENT FINDINGS: Conclusive evidence has been presented indicating that the angiotensin type-2 receptor mediates vasodilatation in small resistance arterioles as well as in the coronary microcirculation. Substantial evidence also is available that the angiotensin type-2 receptor dilates large capacitance vessels, including the aorta, subjected to pressure-overload. The angiotensin type-2 receptor has recently been found to inhibit renin biosynthesis and secretion similar to the action of the angiotensin type-1 receptor. The angiotensin type-2 receptor appears to be cardioprotective, particularly in limiting cardiac remodeling following ischemic injury. SUMMARY: The angiotensin type-2 receptor represents an important area of cardiovascular investigation with potential therapeutic implications for cardiac disease and hypertension.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The renin-angiotensin system is a coordinated hormonal cascade of critical importance to the regulation of blood pressure and cardiovascular function. The major effector peptide, angiotensin II, binds to two major receptors, angiotensin type-1 and angiotensin type-2. Most of the actions of angiotensin II are mediated by the angiotensin type-1 receptor, but recent evidence strongly suggests that the angiotensin type-2 receptor opposes the angiotensin type-1 receptor, particularly by promoting vasodilatation instead of vasoconstriction. RECENT FINDINGS: Conclusive evidence has been presented indicating that the angiotensin type-2 receptor mediates vasodilatation in small resistance arterioles as well as in the coronary microcirculation. Substantial evidence also is available that the angiotensin type-2 receptor dilates large capacitance vessels, including the aorta, subjected to pressure-overload. The angiotensin type-2 receptor has recently been found to inhibit renin biosynthesis and secretion similar to the action of the angiotensin type-1 receptor. The angiotensin type-2 receptor appears to be cardioprotective, particularly in limiting cardiac remodeling following ischemic injury. SUMMARY: The angiotensin type-2 receptor represents an important area of cardiovascular investigation with potential therapeutic implications for cardiac disease and hypertension.
Authors: Campbell Liles; Hongliang Li; Vineet Veitla; Jonathan T Liles; Taylor A Murphy; Madeleine W Cunningham; Xichun Yu; David C Kem Journal: Hypertension Date: 2015-08-10 Impact factor: 10.190
Authors: Tanya M Gwathmey; Hossam A Shaltout; Karl D Pendergrass; Nancy T Pirro; Jorge P Figueroa; James C Rose; Debra I Diz; Mark C Chappell Journal: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol Date: 2009-02-25