Novel COL4A5, COL4A4, and COL4A3 mutations in Alport syndrome.

This study summarizes 47 novel mutations identified during routine molecular diagnostics for Alport syndrome. We detected 34 in COL4A5, the gene responsible for X-linked Alport syndrome, and 13 in COL4A3 and COL4A4, the genes responsible for autosomal recessive Alport syndrome. A high detection rate of 90% was achieved among patients with typical clinical symptoms and a characteristic family history in both X-linked and autosomal recessive forms, and it can be assumed that most relevant mutations have been identified. In numerous positively tested patients, genetic variations which are unknown were detected.