M Savy1, Y Martin-Prével, P Sawadogo, Y Kameli, F Delpeuch. 1. Nutrition, Food, Societies Unit (WHO collaborating Centre for Nutrition), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso savy@ird.bf
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To develop scores for food variety and diversity to assess the overall dietary quality in an African rural area; and to study their relationship with the nutritional status of women of childbearing age. DESIGN: Cross-sectional. SETTING: Sahelian rural area in the North-East Burkina Faso (West Africa). SUBJECTS: A total of 691 mothers with children below the age of 5 y, selected at random in 30 villages. METHODS: A qualitative recall of women's food consumption during the previous 24 h made it possible to calculate a food variety score (FVS = count of food items consumed) and a dietary diversity score (DDS = count of food groups, among 14 groups). These scores were then divided into terciles. Body mass index (BMI), mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) and body fat percentage (BFP) were used to determine the women's nutritional status. RESULTS: The overall dietary quality was poor: mean FVS (s.d.) = 8.3 (2.9) food items; mean DDS = 5.1 (1.7) food groups. A clear relationship was shown between both FVS and DDS (in terciles) and most nutritional indices. Women with a FVS in the lowest tercile had a mean BMI of 20.1, while those in the highest tercile had a BMI of 20.9 (P = 0.009). Those in the lowest tercile of DDS had a 22.8% prevalence of underweight vs 9.8% in the highest tercile (P < 0.0001). The latter relationship remained significant even when the subjects' sociodemographic and economic characteristics were accounted for. CONCLUSION: Dietary scores measured at the individual level are good proxies for overall dietary quality of women living in a poor rural African area. These scores were also shown to be linked with the nutritional status of women. FINANCING: IRD financed the study with the assistance of UNICEF for the purchase of anthropometric equipment. The first author received a research allowance from the French Ministry of Research through the doctoral school 393 of Pierre and Marie Curie University (Paris VI).
OBJECTIVES: To develop scores for food variety and diversity to assess the overall dietary quality in an African rural area; and to study their relationship with the nutritional status of women of childbearing age. DESIGN: Cross-sectional. SETTING: Sahelian rural area in the North-East Burkina Faso (West Africa). SUBJECTS: A total of 691 mothers with children below the age of 5 y, selected at random in 30 villages. METHODS: A qualitative recall of women's food consumption during the previous 24 h made it possible to calculate a food variety score (FVS = count of food items consumed) and a dietary diversity score (DDS = count of food groups, among 14 groups). These scores were then divided into terciles. Body mass index (BMI), mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) and body fat percentage (BFP) were used to determine the women's nutritional status. RESULTS: The overall dietary quality was poor: mean FVS (s.d.) = 8.3 (2.9) food items; mean DDS = 5.1 (1.7) food groups. A clear relationship was shown between both FVS and DDS (in terciles) and most nutritional indices. Women with a FVS in the lowest tercile had a mean BMI of 20.1, while those in the highest tercile had a BMI of 20.9 (P = 0.009). Those in the lowest tercile of DDS had a 22.8% prevalence of underweight vs 9.8% in the highest tercile (P < 0.0001). The latter relationship remained significant even when the subjects' sociodemographic and economic characteristics were accounted for. CONCLUSION: Dietary scores measured at the individual level are good proxies for overall dietary quality of women living in a poor rural African area. These scores were also shown to be linked with the nutritional status of women. FINANCING: IRD financed the study with the assistance of UNICEF for the purchase of anthropometric equipment. The first author received a research allowance from the French Ministry of Research through the doctoral school 393 of Pierre and Marie Curie University (Paris VI).
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