Clinical utility of lipoarabinomannan antibody in pleural fluid for the diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy.

We studied the clinical utility of the detection of lipoarabinomannan antibody, using MycoDot, in pleural fluid for the diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy. Nine patients with active tuberculous pleurisy, 1 patient with chronic tuberculous empyema, and 16 patients with nontuberculous pleural effusions were studied. The results were positive in 5 patients with tuberculous pleural disease. Sensitivity was 50% (5 of 10; including the 1 patient with chronic tuberculous empyema) and specificity was 93.8% (15 of 16). Detection of lipoarabinomannan antibody using MycoDot in pleural fluid is a specific diagnostic tool for tuberculous pleurisy; furthermore, this diagnostic method is simple, rapid, and cost-effective.