BACKGROUND: Recent studies suggest that bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), a transforming growth factor-beta superfamily member cytokine, plays an important role both in vascular development and pathophysiological processes, including endothelial activation that is likely to contribute to the development of coronary atherosclerosis, yet the factors that regulate arterial expression of BMP-2 are completely unknown. We tested the hypothesis that BMP-2 expression in endothelial cells is governed by an H2O2 and nuclear factor (NF)-kappaBeta-dependent pathway that can be activated by both proinflammatory and mechanical stimuli. METHODS AND RESULTS: The proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha induced NF-kappaBeta activation and elicited significant increases in BMP-2 mRNA and protein in primary coronary arterial endothelial cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells that were prevented by NF-kappaBeta inhibitors (pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate and SN-50), silencing of p65 (siRNA), or catalase. Administration of H2O2 also elicited NF-kappaBeta activation and BMP-2 induction. In organ culture, exposure of rat arteries to high pressure (160 mm Hg) elicited H2O2 production, nuclear translocation of NF-kappaBeta, and upregulation of BMP-2 expression. Although high pressure upregulated TNF-alpha, it appears that it directly regulates BMP-2 expression, because upregulation of BMP-2 was also observed in vessels of TNF-alpha knockout mice. CONCLUSIONS: Vascular BMP-2 expression can be regulated by H2O2-mediated activation of NF-kappaBeta both by inflammatory stimuli and by high intravascular pressure.
BACKGROUND: Recent studies suggest that bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), a transforming growth factor-beta superfamily member cytokine, plays an important role both in vascular development and pathophysiological processes, including endothelial activation that is likely to contribute to the development of coronary atherosclerosis, yet the factors that regulate arterial expression of BMP-2 are completely unknown. We tested the hypothesis that BMP-2 expression in endothelial cells is governed by an H2O2 and nuclear factor (NF)-kappaBeta-dependent pathway that can be activated by both proinflammatory and mechanical stimuli. METHODS AND RESULTS: The proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha induced NF-kappaBeta activation and elicited significant increases in BMP-2 mRNA and protein in primary coronary arterial endothelial cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells that were prevented by NF-kappaBeta inhibitors (pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate and SN-50), silencing of p65 (siRNA), or catalase. Administration of H2O2 also elicited NF-kappaBeta activation and BMP-2 induction. In organ culture, exposure of rat arteries to high pressure (160 mm Hg) elicited H2O2 production, nuclear translocation of NF-kappaBeta, and upregulation of BMP-2 expression. Although high pressure upregulated TNF-alpha, it appears that it directly regulates BMP-2 expression, because upregulation of BMP-2 was also observed in vessels of TNF-alpha knockout mice. CONCLUSIONS: Vascular BMP-2 expression can be regulated by H2O2-mediated activation of NF-kappaBeta both by inflammatory stimuli and by high intravascular pressure.
Authors: Xiao Yu Tian; Wing Tak Wong; Fung Ping Leung; Yang Zhang; Yi-Xiang Wang; Hung Kay Lee; Chi Fai Ng; Zhen Yu Chen; Xiaoqiang Yao; Chak Leung Au; Chi Wai Lau; Paul M Vanhoutte; John P Cooke; Yu Huang Journal: Antioxid Redox Signal Date: 2011-12-02 Impact factor: 8.401
Authors: Anna Csiszar; Mansoor Ahmad; Kira E Smith; Nazar Labinskyy; Qun Gao; Gabor Kaley; John G Edwards; Michael S Wolin; Zoltan Ungvari Journal: Am J Pathol Date: 2006-02 Impact factor: 4.307