Weight gain after living-related renal transplantation affects long-term graft function.

Weight gain is a common problem in renal transplant recipients. This study investigated whether weight gain after living-related renal transplantation affects long-term graft function. The cohort included 93 patients (28 females, 65 males of mean age, 33.78 +/- 9.78 years who were recipients of kidneys from living-related donors. The data set related risk factors to occurrence of chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN): namely, number of HLA mismatches, PRA levels, delayed graft function, acute rejection, suboptimal immunosuppression, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and size mismatch. Patients with a 10% increase in body mass index sustained throughout at least 2 years posttransplantation were categorized as group 1 (abnormal weight gain; n = 65) and the others were categorized as group 2 (no or normal weight gain; n = 28). Chronic allograft nephropathy was more frequent among group 1 (P < .03). The mean times to CAN diagnosis in groups 1 and 2 were 1053.41 +/- 461.86 days and 1128.57 +/- 416.09 days, respectively (P > .05). Of all the risk factors for CAN, occurrence of acute rejection was the most important (OR = 5.39, 95% CI: 2.07 to 14.03, P < .001). When this factor was excluded, weight gain emerged as the most important risk factor (OR = 3.04, 95% CI: 1.01 to 9.69, P < .04). There were no significant differences between the groups with respect to the frequencies of immunologic and nonimmunologic risk factors (P > .05 for all). The results suggest that excessive weight gain after living-related renal transplantation may be an additional risk factor for development of CAN. Patients should pay attention to diet and control weight gain after transplantation.