Differential sensitivity of three cyanobacterial and five green algal species to organotins and pyrethroids pesticides.

In this work, five organotins and pyrethroids pesticides were tested to examine their effects on the three cyanobacteria Anabaena flos-aquae, Microcystis flos-aquae, Mirocystis aeruginosa and on the five green algae Selenastrum capricornutun, Scenedesmus quadricauda, Scenedesmus obliqnus, Chlorella vulgaris, Chlorella pyrenoidosa through 96 h acute toxicity tests. The results indicated that: (1) the decreasing order of the average acute toxicity to cyanobacteria and green algae of five dissimilar organotins and pyrethroids pesticides was: fentin hydroxide > cyhexatin > azocyclotin > fenbutatin oxide > beta-cyfluthrin. (2) Wide variations occurred in response to the tested pesticides among the eight individual species of cyanobacteria and green algae. The sensitivity of various species of algae exposed to fenbutatin-oxide varied over one order of magnitude, exposed to cyhexatin/fentin-hydroxide/beta-cyfluthrin varied over two orders of magnitude and exposed to azocyclotin varied three orders of magnitude. (3) In contrast with the sensitivity of cyanobacteria and green algae, cyanobacteria were much less sensitive to beta-cyfluthrin than green algae. The pollutants may result in a shift of green algal and cyanobacterial group structure, especially in a shift from dominance by green algae to dominance by cyanobacteria, and may sustain cyanobcterial blooms during the special period. Thus, the decreasing order of the aquatic ecological risk was: beta-cyfluthrin > fentin hydroxide > cyhexatin > azocyclotin > fenbutatin oxide. There was a strong variance between toxicity and ecological risk, i.e. "low toxicity" does not automatically imply "low ecological risk". The toxicity of pyrethroids pesticides was lower than that of organotins pesticides, whereas the aquatic ecological risk of pyrethroids pesticides was higher than that of organotins pesticides.