Late effects after stem cell transplantation (SCT) in children--growth and hormones.

Stem cell transplantation (SCT) has established itself as a very successful therapy in often otherwise unbeatable disorders. In a subset of children and adolescents there are, however, late effects, often as a combination of the underlying disorder, its primary treatment and subsequent SCT. In children and adolescents, disorders of growth and the endocrine system have been observed to occur frequently. The assurance of normal growth, puberty, fertility and thyroid function--including the prevention of secondary malignancies--is of utmost importance for the overall success of treatment and the maintenance of quality of life. This, however, requires a systematic and structured follow-up programme for patients after SCT. Patients and their families need to be made familiar with this concept early and physicians need to understand that such a system must be implemented as part of a comprehensive care.