Veena Kalra1, Rachna Seth, Savita Sapra. 1. Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. Kalra_veena@hotmail.com
Abstract
UNLABELLED: Pervasive developmental disorders (PDD) or Autistic Spectrum Disorders (ASD) include Autistic Disorder (commonest), Asperger's syndrome, Childhood Disintegrative Disorders, Rett's syndrome and PDD-NOS (not otherwise specified). OBJECTIVE: Autism is an important cause of social disability and reported more often from the developed world than from the developing countries. The present study was aimed to establish the diagnosis of autism amongst children with derangements of language, communication and behavior; ascertain and treat the co-morbidities; identify underlying cause and create a sensitivity and awareness among various health care professionals. METHODS: Sixty-two of the seventy-five referred patients fulfilled the DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder) criteria for autism. Evaluation included a detailed history, clinical examination, IQ assessment, Connor's scoring for hyperactivity and Fragile-X screening. Management of co-morbidities was done. A follow up of these patients was done. Parents' assessment of the child was also done. A registry for autistic children was established at the Department of Pediatrics with other major institutions of Delhi. RESULTS: The male:female ratio was 8:1 and missed diagnosis was common. Professional awareness is merited. Behavioral modification by early intervention and stimulation improved the core symptoms of autism. Important co-morbidities included mental retardation (95%), hyperactivity (53%) and seizures (10%) cases. Control of co-morbidities in these children facilitated child's periodic assessment and implementation of intervention programmes. In the registry initiated 62 patients were enrolled at AIIMS and 6 were identified from other hospitals. CONCLUSION: Autism does occur in Indian children too. Diagnosis is often missed. Capacity building among health professionals by a more structured teaching of developmental disabilities in the medical curriculum is required. The need to attend to co-morbidities and associated symptoms was clear. The initiation of the registry and beginning of networking was important.
UNLABELLED: Pervasive developmental disorders (PDD) or Autistic Spectrum Disorders (ASD) include Autistic Disorder (commonest), Asperger's syndrome, Childhood Disintegrative Disorders, Rett's syndrome and PDD-NOS (not otherwise specified). OBJECTIVE:Autism is an important cause of social disability and reported more often from the developed world than from the developing countries. The present study was aimed to establish the diagnosis of autism amongst children with derangements of language, communication and behavior; ascertain and treat the co-morbidities; identify underlying cause and create a sensitivity and awareness among various health care professionals. METHODS: Sixty-two of the seventy-five referred patients fulfilled the DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder) criteria for autism. Evaluation included a detailed history, clinical examination, IQ assessment, Connor's scoring for hyperactivity and Fragile-X screening. Management of co-morbidities was done. A follow up of these patients was done. Parents' assessment of the child was also done. A registry for autisticchildren was established at the Department of Pediatrics with other major institutions of Delhi. RESULTS: The male:female ratio was 8:1 and missed diagnosis was common. Professional awareness is merited. Behavioral modification by early intervention and stimulation improved the core symptoms of autism. Important co-morbidities included mental retardation (95%), hyperactivity (53%) and seizures (10%) cases. Control of co-morbidities in these children facilitated child's periodic assessment and implementation of intervention programmes. In the registry initiated 62 patients were enrolled at AIIMS and 6 were identified from other hospitals. CONCLUSION:Autism does occur in Indian children too. Diagnosis is often missed. Capacity building among health professionals by a more structured teaching of developmental disabilities in the medical curriculum is required. The need to attend to co-morbidities and associated symptoms was clear. The initiation of the registry and beginning of networking was important.
Authors: Patricia B S Celestino-Soper; Chad A Shaw; Stephan J Sanders; Jian Li; Michael T Murtha; A Gulhan Ercan-Sencicek; Lea Davis; Susanne Thomson; Tomasz Gambin; A Craig Chinault; Zhishuo Ou; Jennifer R German; Aleksandar Milosavljevic; James S Sutcliffe; Edwin H Cook; Pawel Stankiewicz; Matthew W State; Arthur L Beaudet Journal: Hum Mol Genet Date: 2011-08-24 Impact factor: 6.150
Authors: Patrícia B S Celestino-Soper; Sara Violante; Emily L Crawford; Rui Luo; Anath C Lionel; Elsa Delaby; Guiqing Cai; Bekim Sadikovic; Kwanghyuk Lee; Charlene Lo; Kun Gao; Richard E Person; Timothy J Moss; Jennifer R German; Ni Huang; Marwan Shinawi; Diane Treadwell-Deering; Peter Szatmari; Wendy Roberts; Bridget Fernandez; Richard J Schroer; Roger E Stevenson; Joseph D Buxbaum; Catalina Betancur; Stephen W Scherer; Stephan J Sanders; Daniel H Geschwind; James S Sutcliffe; Matthew E Hurles; Ronald J A Wanders; Chad A Shaw; Suzanne M Leal; Edwin H Cook; Robin P Goin-Kochel; Frédéric M Vaz; Arthur L Beaudet Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2012-05-07 Impact factor: 11.205
Authors: Nazish Imran; Mansoor R Chaudry; Muhammad W Azeem; Muhammad R Bhatti; Zaidan I Choudhary; Mohsin A Cheema Journal: BMC Pediatr Date: 2011-11-22 Impact factor: 2.125