The promise of partial hospitalization: a reassessment.

In this review of trends in partial hospitalization since 1987, the authors provide a brief overview of the field, summarize recent research findings, examine the data on the growth of partial hospitals, and outline recent changes in public- and private-sector use of this treatment modality. Support for intermediate and long-term partial hospitalization is diminishing rapidly, while support for short-term partial hospitalization as an alternative to inpatient care is increasing in the private sector and diminishing in the public sector. The future for partial hospitals seems uncertain, as the treatment functions of these programs are being assumed by psychosocial and vocational rehabilitation programs and assertive community treatment teams. In light of these trends, the authors recommend new directions for partial hospital research involving comparisons between short-term day hospitalization and intensive outpatient interventions.