History of photogrammetry in medicine.

Photogrammetry is one of the many fields of three dimensional measurement associated with surveying. Photogrammetry has been used for medical applications since midway through the nineteenth century, and is now beginning to regain its past popularity due to recent developments in real time instrumentation. Medical photogrammetry, now part of the broader field known as biostereometrics, has had varying popularity over the past one hundred and fifty years due to the many problems encountered during practical applications. This paper will review those applications and explain how technology has been used to overcome many of the problems encountered.