BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress, which is thought to be increased in subjects with various coronary risk factors, induces thioredoxin (TRX), a redox-active protein. METHODS AND RESULTS: To determine whether oxidative stress is increased, serum concentrations of both TRX and alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) were determined in 12 control subjects without any coronary risk factors (CONTROL), 6 current smokers (SMOKING), 19 hypertensive patients (HT), 7 hypercholesterolemic patients (HC) and 14 subjects with multiple risk factors (MULTIPLE). Patients with diabetes mellitus were not included. The serum TRX concentrations (mean +/- SD ng/ml) were significantly higher in SMOKING (41+/-10), HT (41+/-17), HC (48+/-15) and MULTIPLE (46+/-15) than in CONTROL (24+/-11). The serum alpha-tocopherol concentrations (mg/g lipids) were not significantly different among CONTROL (4.0+/-0.7), SMOKING (4.0+/-0.8), HT (4.1+/-0.6) and HC (4.2+/-0.6), although the concentration was significantly lower in MULTIPLE (3.3+/-0.7) than in any of the other study groups. CONCLUSIONS: SMOKING, HT, HC and MULTIPLE had significantly higher serum TRX concentrations than CONTROL, suggesting increased oxidative stress. MULTIPLE had a lower serum concentration of antioxidant alpha-tocopherol than any of the other study groups, suggesting impaired or exhausted defense against chronic oxidative stress in the presence of the multiple risk factors.
BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress, which is thought to be increased in subjects with various coronary risk factors, induces thioredoxin (TRX), a redox-active protein. METHODS AND RESULTS: To determine whether oxidative stress is increased, serum concentrations of both TRX and alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) were determined in 12 control subjects without any coronary risk factors (CONTROL), 6 current smokers (SMOKING), 19 hypertensivepatients (HT), 7 hypercholesterolemicpatients (HC) and 14 subjects with multiple risk factors (MULTIPLE). Patients with diabetes mellitus were not included. The serum TRX concentrations (mean +/- SD ng/ml) were significantly higher in SMOKING (41+/-10), HT (41+/-17), HC (48+/-15) and MULTIPLE (46+/-15) than in CONTROL (24+/-11). The serum alpha-tocopherol concentrations (mg/g lipids) were not significantly different among CONTROL (4.0+/-0.7), SMOKING (4.0+/-0.8), HT (4.1+/-0.6) and HC (4.2+/-0.6), although the concentration was significantly lower in MULTIPLE (3.3+/-0.7) than in any of the other study groups. CONCLUSIONS: SMOKING, HT, HC and MULTIPLE had significantly higher serum TRX concentrations than CONTROL, suggesting increased oxidative stress. MULTIPLE had a lower serum concentration of antioxidant alpha-tocopherol than any of the other study groups, suggesting impaired or exhausted defense against chronic oxidative stress in the presence of the multiple risk factors.
Authors: Alexey A Tinkov; Geir Bjørklund; Anatoly V Skalny; Arne Holmgren; Margarita G Skalnaya; Salvatore Chirumbolo; Jan Aaseth Journal: Cell Mol Life Sci Date: 2018-01-11 Impact factor: 9.261
Authors: Steven E Lipshultz; Thomas R Cochran; David A Briston; Stefanie R Brown; Peter J Sambatakos; Tracie L Miller; Adriana A Carrillo; Liat Corcia; Janine E Sanchez; Melissa B Diamond; Michael Freundlich; Danielle Harake; Tamara Gayle; William G Harmon; Paolo G Rusconi; Satinder K Sandhu; James D Wilkinson Journal: Future Cardiol Date: 2013-11