Advances in endodontic surgery.

Periradicular surgery is now increasing in importance as practitioners increase their knowledge and skill in saving teeth that were previously extracted. Many advances have occurred in recent years in both technique and materials. Tissue flaps should be designed with vertical releasing incisions and a wide base for optimal access and more rapid healing. Increased lighting and magnification now provide enhanced surgical vision. New root-end filling materials, such as SuperEBA and IRM, may reduce apical leakage and increase the percentage of successful surgical cases. Improvements in suture materials and postoperative techniques produce a more predictable and more comfortable course of healing for the patient.