Analytical phosphorus fractionation in sewage sludge and sediment samples.

The Standards, Measurements and Testing (SMT) harmonized procedure for phosphorus fractionation in freshwater sediments (SMT protocol), which was developed within the framework of the Standards, Measurements and Testing (SMT) Programme of the European Commission, has been applied to different environmental samples such as sewage sludge, river and marine sediments. The phosphorus contents in the extracts were spectrophotometrically determined; the measurement conditions and the matrix effects were evaluated for each fraction. The partitioning patterns obtained for sewage sludge and sediment samples reveal that the distribution between inorganic and organic phosphorus forms is independent of the matrix composition of the samples. In addition, a higher available phosphorus content was found in sewage sludges due to the higher percentages of labile phosphorus forms, which suggests possible internal phosphorus release. Finally, one simplified pseudototal microwave digestion method was performed for total phosphorus determination which was validated by its application to the reference material BCR-684.