Computer applications in clinical practice.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The prospects of improved practice efficiencies and better treatment outcomes have recently focused political attention at high levels upon the use of information technology (IT) in routine clinical care in the US, UK and elsewhere. Providers who treat musculoskeletal diseases need to become familiar with emerging governmental policies, IT industry trends, data standards and communication protocols to equip themselves with a basis on which to evaluate and influence the development of these technologies, which in turn will influence the shape of clinical practice. RECENT
FINDINGS: The articles cited are categorized into the topics of government policy regarding electronic medical records (EMRs); data definitions and databases; computers in outpatient clinical encounters; EMRs; patient self-entry of historical data; computer physician order entry; personal digital assistants; and e-mail, the Internet, and the patient/physician encounter.
SUMMARY: Government agencies in the US, UK, and elsewhere are at various stages in the implementation of national health information infrastructures. US officials are playing a greater role in prompting physicians to use EMRs and in setting standards for EMR systems. A study by the American College of Rheumatology observed, 'Increasing requirements for provider compliance with quality and outcomes reporting, HIPAA regulations, medical error reduction, including Medicare e-prescribing mandates, and downward pressure on practice revenues will ultimately drive the adoption of EMRs in office practice.' Nonuse will equate to a non-viable practice. Rheumatologists who would control their own destinies must acquaint themselves with, adopt, and exert influence on the development of these technologies with all deliberate speed.