The emerging HIV/AIDS epidemic in Georgia.

The first case of HIV in Georgia was diagnosed in 1989. Through December 2002, a total of 375 cases of HIV infection were reported. However, the World Health Organization estimates that the true number of infections may be closer to 1700. In all, 70% of reported cases are among injection drug users. Based on the UNAIDS classification, Georgia is a 'low-level HIV country' with an HIV prevalence of less than 1% in all groups, including drug users. However, there is a high prevalence of hepatitis B and C, suggesting a significant risk for the spread of HIV. Georgia, a newly independent republic, is experiencing an increase in injection drug use, a rise in sexually transmitted infections and commercial sex trade that create a fertile soil for the potential rapid spread of HIV. However, it is also a country with a unique window of opportunity for limiting the spread of HIV.