PURPOSE: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is currently the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the United States, and most pancreatic cancers develop locally advanced disease or metastasis at the time of diagnosis. The mechanisms by which it invades and metastasizes are not known. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: To identify the genes involved in pancreatic cancer metastasis, we analyzed the gene expression profiles between highly metastatic Colo357L3.6pl and parental Colo357FG pancreatic cancer cell lines using cDNA microarrays and confirmed differential gene expression by reverse transcription-PCR, Western blotting, and immunologic analysis of 54 samples from pancreatic cancer patients. The correlation with clinical outcome was also examined. The possible signaling pathways involved with tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB) were analyzed. RESULTS: Our findings showed that TrkB was overexpressed in the highly metastatic Colo357L3.6pl cells, which correlated with perineural invasion (P = 0.026), positive retroperitoneal margin (P = 0.0005), and shorter latency to development of liver metastasis (Cox proportional hazard ratio, 0.3; 95% confidence interval, 0.1-0.8; P = 0.01) in patient samples. Extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 were activated and Elk-1 and AP-1 DNA binding activity was induced in Colo357L3.6pl cells. Furthermore, interleukin 8 and vascular endothelial growth factor were more strongly expressed in Colo357L3.6pl than Colo357FG cells, and these findings were confirmed in Colo357L3.6pl and Colo357FG orthotopic tumors. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that overexpression of TrkB and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase and AP-1, which may in turn induce the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and interleukin 8, may mediate the cardinal clinical features of locally aggressive growth and metastasis of pancreatic cancer. Our results also imply that TrkB receptor may be a novel therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer.
PURPOSE:Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is currently the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the United States, and most pancreatic cancers develop locally advanced disease or metastasis at the time of diagnosis. The mechanisms by which it invades and metastasizes are not known. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: To identify the genes involved in pancreatic cancer metastasis, we analyzed the gene expression profiles between highly metastatic Colo357L3.6pl and parental Colo357FG pancreatic cancer cell lines using cDNA microarrays and confirmed differential gene expression by reverse transcription-PCR, Western blotting, and immunologic analysis of 54 samples from pancreatic cancerpatients. The correlation with clinical outcome was also examined. The possible signaling pathways involved with tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB) were analyzed. RESULTS: Our findings showed that TrkB was overexpressed in the highly metastatic Colo357L3.6pl cells, which correlated with perineural invasion (P = 0.026), positive retroperitoneal margin (P = 0.0005), and shorter latency to development of liver metastasis (Cox proportional hazard ratio, 0.3; 95% confidence interval, 0.1-0.8; P = 0.01) in patient samples. Extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 were activated and Elk-1 and AP-1 DNA binding activity was induced in Colo357L3.6pl cells. Furthermore, interleukin 8 and vascular endothelial growth factor were more strongly expressed in Colo357L3.6pl than Colo357FG cells, and these findings were confirmed in Colo357L3.6pl and Colo357FG orthotopic tumors. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that overexpression of TrkB and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase and AP-1, which may in turn induce the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and interleukin 8, may mediate the cardinal clinical features of locally aggressive growth and metastasis of pancreatic cancer. Our results also imply that TrkB receptor may be a novel therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer.
Authors: Yuen-Keng Ng; Elaine Yue Ling Wong; Cecilia Pik Yuk Lau; Jessica Pui Lan Chan; Sze Chuen Cesar Wong; Andrew Sai-Kit Chan; Maggie Pui Chun Kwan; Sai-Wah Tsao; Chi-Man Tsang; Paul Bo San Lai; Anthony Tak Cheung Chan; Vivian Wai Yan Lui Journal: Invest New Drugs Date: 2010-08-07 Impact factor: 3.850
Authors: Ha-Soon Choi; Paul V Rucker; Zhicheng Wang; Yi Fan; Pamela Albaugh; Greg Chopiuk; Francois Gessier; Fangxian Sun; Francisco Adrian; Guoxun Liu; Tami Hood; Nanxin Li; Yong Jia; Jianwei Che; Susan McCormack; Allen Li; Jie Li; Auzon Steffy; AnneMarie Culazzo; Celine Tompkins; Van Phung; Andreas Kreusch; Min Lu; Bin Hu; Apurva Chaudhary; Mahavir Prashad; Tove Tuntland; Bo Liu; Jennifer Harris; H Martin Seidel; Jon Loren; Valentina Molteni Journal: ACS Med Chem Lett Date: 2015-03-16 Impact factor: 4.345
Authors: Zhongkui Li; Zhe Chang; Lucia J Chiao; Ya'an Kang; Qianghua Xia; Cihui Zhu; Jason B Fleming; Douglas B Evans; Paul J Chiao Journal: Cancer Res Date: 2009-09-22 Impact factor: 12.701