OBJECTIVE: To perform detailed assessments of craniofacial dysmorphology in individuals with schizophrenia and controls in Sweden, in order to further elucidate the neurodevelopmental origins of schizophrenia. METHOD: We performed detailed, anthropometric assessments of craniofacial dysmorphology in male patients with schizophrenia (n=24), healthy controls (n=16), and patients' siblings with schizophrenia (n=2) in Sweden, while remaining as blind as possible to schizophrenia/control status. RESULTS: Individuals with schizophrenia evidenced significantly more craniofacial dysmorphology than controls, especially in the ears and mouth. At a group level, there was a dose-response type relationship between total dysmorphology score and patient/control status. CONCLUSION: The consistency of results across multiple studies supports the hypothesis that individuals with schizophrenia have increased rates of prenatal developmental disturbances. The presence of a dose-response type relationship between total dysmorphology score and patient/control status supports the importance of neurodevelopmental disturbance as a contributory cause of schizophrenia. Copyright (c) Blackwell Munksgaard 2005
OBJECTIVE: To perform detailed assessments of craniofacial dysmorphology in individuals with schizophrenia and controls in Sweden, in order to further elucidate the neurodevelopmental origins of schizophrenia. METHOD: We performed detailed, anthropometric assessments of craniofacial dysmorphology in male patients with schizophrenia (n=24), healthy controls (n=16), and patients' siblings with schizophrenia (n=2) in Sweden, while remaining as blind as possible to schizophrenia/control status. RESULTS: Individuals with schizophrenia evidenced significantly more craniofacial dysmorphology than controls, especially in the ears and mouth. At a group level, there was a dose-response type relationship between total dysmorphology score and patient/control status. CONCLUSION: The consistency of results across multiple studies supports the hypothesis that individuals with schizophrenia have increased rates of prenatal developmental disturbances. The presence of a dose-response type relationship between total dysmorphology score and patient/control status supports the importance of neurodevelopmental disturbance as a contributory cause of schizophrenia. Copyright (c) Blackwell Munksgaard 2005
Authors: Nicola Brunetti-Pierri; Jonathan S Berg; Fernando Scaglia; John Belmont; Carlos A Bacino; Trilochan Sahoo; Seema R Lalani; Brett Graham; Brendan Lee; Marwan Shinawi; Joseph Shen; Sung-Hae L Kang; Amber Pursley; Timothy Lotze; Gail Kennedy; Susan Lansky-Shafer; Christine Weaver; Elizabeth R Roeder; Theresa A Grebe; Georgianne L Arnold; Terry Hutchison; Tyler Reimschisel; Stephen Amato; Michael T Geragthy; Jeffrey W Innis; Ewa Obersztyn; Beata Nowakowska; Sally S Rosengren; Patricia I Bader; Dorothy K Grange; Sayed Naqvi; Adolfo D Garnica; Saunder M Bernes; Chin-To Fong; Anne Summers; W David Walters; James R Lupski; Pawel Stankiewicz; Sau Wai Cheung; Ankita Patel Journal: Nat Genet Date: 2008-12 Impact factor: 38.330