Urinary calculi associated with solvent abuse.

We describe 3 cases of urinary calculi that developed during the course of long-term solvent abuse. The patients regularly sniffed a lacquer thinner (major component toluene) or a cement (xylene and cyclohexane) for 2 to 6 years before the development of urolithiasis. The occurrence of proteinuria and hematuria was closely related to solvent sniffing in 2 of the 3 patients. Regular, long-term solvent abuse must be included in the causes of urolithiasis, particularly in juveniles and young adults.