Advances in the treatment and prevention of severe viral bronchiolitis.

Viral bronchiolitis continues to be a major public health problem. Prevention of severe RSV-associated bronchiolitis has been achieved in high-risk infants by passive administration of the humanized monoclonal anti-RSV-F antibody, palivizumab. Development of more potent anti-RSV neutralizing antibodies is underway, and vaccine development continues to progress. Supportive therapy is the mainstay for the treatment of established infection while new antiviral and anti-inflammatory strategies are being explored in preclinical trials.