Some examples of psychophysiology and the unconscious.

Different sources of the unconscious are discussed and illustrated, namely, failure to have learned an appropriate perception, repression motivated by an aversive emotion and reinforced by the reduction produced in it when the person stops the thoughts or other cue-producing responses eliciting that emotion, an interference with thoughts or perceptions by a distraction or stimulus overload, and failure to perceive a correct cause-and-effect relationship. The ways in which each of these forms of unconsciousness can reduce the adaptiveness of behavior are described and illustrated as well as how psychophysiological recording can facilitate therapy to improve consciousness and thus voluntary control and behavior that is more intelligent and adaptive.