Group psychotherapy and related helping groups today: an overview.

Following an historical summary of the broader group helping field, the article differentiates among clinical group psychotherapy, "therapeutic" groups, human relations and training groups, as well as mutual-help and self-help groups. Twelve major theoretical models of group interventions are delineated, followed by an account of the current status of group treatment theory, practice and research. The role of group interventions in the fields of physical, sexual and substance abuse, chronic illness, and trauma--as in the aftermath of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks--are highlighted. A glimpse at the future of group treatments considers the obstacles and prospects occasioned by the managed care "revolution" in mental health.