The transcription factor profile of human mast cells in comparison with monocytes and granulocytes.

Expression profiles of mRNAs and proteins for various transcription factors were determined for human skin mast cells (sMCs), leukemic HMC-1 MCs, monocytes and granulocytes. By quantitative RT-PCR, sMCs expressed lower levels of c-fos, PU.1, C/EBPalpha, and C/EBPepsilon than monocytes and granulocytes, but higher levels of MITF, SCL, GATA-1 and GATA-2. At the protein level, MITF, SCL, GATA-2, Elf-1 and c-fos were clearly detectable in sMCs. With the exception of c-fos, these proteins were absent or expressed only slightly in monocytes and granulocytes. The expression of NF-E2p45, GATA-1, PU.1, Ets-1, C/EBPalpha and C/EBPepsilon was below the detection limit in sMCs, but detectable in other myelocytes. The high expression of SCL and GATA-2 in sMCs is reminiscent of stem cells. The absence of C/EBPvarepsilon in sMCs, but strong expression in HMC-1, suggests it may impair MC maturation. In summary, mature human MCs can be characterized as C/EBPalpha(low), C/EBPvarepsilon-, PU.1(low), GATA-1(low), GATA-2+, SCL+, MITF(high).