Testicular schistosomiasis mimicking tumour.

Schistosomiasis or bilharziasis is a disease caused by Schistosoma. When infecting men the most common parasites are Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosoma japonicum and Schistosoma haematobium. The Schistosoma mansoni is the only endemic parasite in Brazil. We present a case of testicular schistosomiasis simulating malignancy. The case was treated successfully by excisional biopsy and praziquantel therapy. A review of the literature is discussed.