Knowledge of women's issues and epilepsy (KOWIE-II): a survey of health care professionals.

Attendees of the American College of Physicians 2003 annual meeting were invited to complete a computerized version of the Knowledge of Women's Issues and Epilepsy (KOWIE-II) questionnaire. This 10-item survey includes items specific to issues that affect women with epilepsy (WWE), including hormone sensitive seizures, effects of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) on oral contraception, bone health, sexual function, pregnancy, and breast-feeding. A total of 202 healthcare providers (HCP) responded to the survey, 92% of which identified themselves as physicians. Few understood the effects of endogenous steroid hormones on seizure threshold (24%) and that epilepsy is associated with an increased incidence of female sexual dysfunction (37%). Most knew that enzyme-inducing AEDs may reduce the efficacy of oral contraceptives (71%) and that certain AEDs are associated with bone disease (77%). The majority were aware that most WWE have healthy children (86%), that women do not need to discontinue AEDs during pregnancy (75%), and that the most appropriate AED during pregnancy is one that best addresses the patient's seizures. Fewer than half (47%) of participants knew that women taking AEDs could breast-feed safely. This sample of HCPs was not adequately informed about the unique issues affecting WWE. An aggressive educational effort is necessary to close the gaps in knowledge.