The accuracy of diver sound localization by pointing.

The accuracy of human sound localization in 360 degrees of azimuth was determined underwater in a free field. The location indicator was a pointer in the median plane. Accuracy of the response was defined as the mean deviation (MD) from the objective location of a sound source. Maximum accuracy obtained using the present procedure with visual cues was approximately 6 degrees, while maximum accuracy with auditory cues was approximately 11 degrees. Training with visual feedback resulted in a reduction in errors due to the pointing procedure employed, but did not affect localization accuracy. The decrement in accuracy of auditory localization found in the water environment should have no noticeable effect on the ability of divers to find a sound source in the environment.