Association of TNF-alpha polymorphisms in Crohn disease.

Clinical and molecular studies implicate tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) as a key mediator in the initiation and propagation of Crohn disease (CD). Genetic associations have been documented between promoter polymorphisms of TNF-alpha and CD; however, these associations have not been universally replicated. In this study, we set out to examine the association of five promoter TNF-alpha polymorphisms in CD subjects from a founder population. In total, 128 CD subjects and 103 ethnically matched healthy controls were genotyped with time-of-flight mass spectrometry for the following five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the 5' flanking region of TNF-alpha gene: -1031 (T-->C), -863 (C-->A), -857 (C-->T), -308 (G-->A), and -238 (G-->A). Primer sequences, termination mixes, and multiplexing were determined with Sequenom SpectroDESIGNER software v1.3.4. The minor allele frequency for the TNF-alpha SNPs in subjects with CD and healthy controls, respectively, were -238 (5.5% vs. 5.3%); -308 (17.6% vs. 18.9%); -857 (5.1% vs. 7.8%); -863 (19.1% vs. 17.5%), and -1031 (24.6% vs. 22.8%). Thus, none of the TNF-alpha variants was associated with CD. Furthermore, no genotype/phenotype correlations were observed for the mutant allele of the TNF-alpha variants and selected clinical outcomes. In conclusion, there was no significant association for any of the TNF-alpha promoter polymorphism tested and CD in the Newfoundland population.