Steroid receptor status, proliferation and metallothionein expression in primary invasive ductal breast cancers.

The most important immunocytochemical prognostic and predictive factors in cases of breast cancer include estrogen receptor alpha (ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR). The present study aimed at examining the relationship between the manifestation intensity of proliferation markers (Ki-67 and nucleolar organizer regions--AgNORs) on one hand, and expression of ER and PgR on the other in a uniform group of invasive ductal breast cancers of G2 grade. Moreover, the study aimed at examining the relationship between the above mentioned markers and expression of metallothionein (MT). The studies were performed on samples of invasive ductal breast cancers of G2 grade, originating from 60 females. In paraffin sections originating from the studied cases immunocytochemical reactions were performed using monoclonal antibodies to ER, PgR, Ki-67 and MT, and silver staining was conducted to localize AgNORs. The obtained results were subjected to statistical analysis using Statistica software. Results indicate that manifestation of AgNORs does not correlate with any of the studied antigens (ER, PgR, Ki-67, MT) (p>0.05). Moreover, no relationship could be demonstrated between the intensity of MT expression and proliferation markers or steroid receptor status (p>0.05). A negative correlation was shown between the expression of ER and Ki-67 (p=0.0009). The most intense proliferative activity was demonstrated in cases of breast cancer showing PgR expression but no ER expression (p=0.015), while the lowest proliferative activity was detected in breast cancers with expression of both ER and PgR (p<0.05).