Chlamydia and Reiter's syndrome (reactive arthritis).

The etiology of RS is not clear, but there is a strong correlation with infectious episodes and some genetic factor(s). Chlamydia have emerged as the most common pathogen associated with RS. We have presented evidence that chlamydia or its antigens may be present in the synovium and may be important in the pathogenesis of RS. The possibility of latent chlamydial infection has also been discussed. Although previous attempts to treat RS with antibiotics were not encouraging, recent reports suggest some favorable effects from antibiotic therapy. There is still a need to further assess the state of the infectious agent and to consider new, more effective regimens.