Medicare disadvantaged and the search for the elusive 'level playing field'.

The Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act (MMA) raised payment levels for established Medicare Advantage (private) local plans and would-be regional preferred provider organizations (PPOs). Even though plans on average receive about 108 percent of what would have been spent for the same beneficiaries in traditional Medicare, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) added another 2.3 percent in 2004 and 4.0 percent in 2005 in its implementation of risk-adjusted payments. Although MMA gives a clear preference to private plans to start a fundamental restructuring of Medicare, the question remains whether Congress will maintain overpayments to private plans when faced with the pressure to reduce budget deficits.