PURPOSE: . This study compared stenting and chemoradiation (CRT) and attempted to identify factors that are predictive of response to CRT. MATERIAL AND METHODS: . A retrospective analysis identified 98 patients treated. The primary tumor and lymphatics received 45 Gy of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy. Tumors were boosted to a median total dose of 50.8 Gy. Simultaneous chemotherapy was 5-fluorouracil- (5-FU) and gemcitabine-based. RTOG/NCI-CTC toxicity criteria were applied. RESULTS: . Median survival time was 11.8 months for all patients, 9.3 months for patients with stenting alone and 16.5 months with CRT (p = 0.22). Only tumor diameter was predictive of survival for treatment with CRT. A threshold of 40 mm at diagnosis distinguished two survival profiles (21.4 vs. 8.7 months; p = 0.01). Toxicity was lower for 5-FU-based CRT compared to gemcitabinebased CRT, but a safe schedule for gemcitabine-based CRT was identified. Two patients (2/25) with unresectable tumors at diagnosis had pathohistological complete response at resection after CRT. CONCLUSION: . Inclusion criteria for future CRT trials should be based on tumor size at diagnosis: patients otherwise eligible for CRT should only be included with an inoperable tumor </= 40 mm, while patients with larger tumors may only benefit from palliation by stenting.
PURPOSE: . This study compared stenting and chemoradiation (CRT) and attempted to identify factors that are predictive of response to CRT. MATERIAL AND METHODS: . A retrospective analysis identified 98 patients treated. The primary tumor and lymphatics received 45 Gy of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy. Tumors were boosted to a median total dose of 50.8 Gy. Simultaneous chemotherapy was 5-fluorouracil- (5-FU) and gemcitabine-based. RTOG/NCI-CTC toxicity criteria were applied. RESULTS: . Median survival time was 11.8 months for all patients, 9.3 months for patients with stenting alone and 16.5 months with CRT (p = 0.22). Only tumor diameter was predictive of survival for treatment with CRT. A threshold of 40 mm at diagnosis distinguished two survival profiles (21.4 vs. 8.7 months; p = 0.01). Toxicity was lower for 5-FU-based CRT compared to gemcitabinebased CRT, but a safe schedule for gemcitabine-based CRT was identified. Two patients (2/25) with unresectable tumors at diagnosis had pathohistological complete response at resection after CRT. CONCLUSION: . Inclusion criteria for future CRT trials should be based on tumor size at diagnosis: patients otherwise eligible for CRT should only be included with an inoperable tumor </= 40 mm, while patients with larger tumors may only benefit from palliation by stenting.
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