[Transrectal three dimensional sonography. Techniques and indications].

In 3-D transrectal ultrasound it is possible, for the first time, to investigate the region of interest in three planes simultaneously. Exact examination of the organs of the small pelvis as well as of pathologic changes in the region of the pelvic floor can be performed with this new imaging technique. The bulbourethral glands can be investigated routinely, which enables the diagnosis of cysts of these glands. The prostatic zones, their relations as well as the growth of the transitional zone during the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia can be visualized. Furthermore, 3-D transrectal ultrasound allows investigation of morphology and function of the rhabdosphincter. The contractility of the muscle can be quantified. 3-D ultrasound guided puncture and drainage of prostatic abscesses represents a minimally invasive therapeutic modality. This technique can be used to place needles as well as implants in the lower urinary tract. Generally, 3-D transrectal ultrasound offers new diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities.